Why is My Hair Turning White? Tips on Delaying Early Greying

Ever find yourself fighting the impulse to pull out that annoying strand of white hair that seems to have appeared overnight? Many young people feel unsure about rocking silver hair — unless you’re a Targaryen from the Game of Thrones, of course! However, studies show that between 6%-23% of people have half their hair turn grey by age 50.

Let's learn more about the causes of white hair and why some people get white hair at a young age.

Hair colour results from melanin, a colourant generated by specialised cells known as melanocytes, which are found in our hair follicles. There are two types of melanin: eumelanin, which gives hair a black or brown colour, and pheomelanin, which imparts a red or blonde hue. The specific mix and concentration of these melanin types dictate the natural colour of your hair.

Fun Fact! Did you know that natural blonde hair results from a lower concentration of eumelanin? People born in or descended from Northern European populations usually have blonde hair. This trait has evolved with lighter skin to enhance vitamin D synthesis in regions with less sunlight.

As we age, melanocytes gradually lose their efficiency in producing melanin. This natural decline starts as early as in one's 30s, though the timing can vary widely. The process entails a reduction in melanocyte stem cells, which are essential for replenishing mature melanocytes within hair follicles, leading to their gradual decline. Over time, with fewer melanocytes available to produce melanin, new hair grows with less pigment, appearing grey. Eventually, as melanocytes cease to function altogether, hair turns completely white. This transition is a normal part of ageing.

So, how do we explain early-age white hair? First, we need to understand the causes of premature greying.

There are several factors that may cause the early onset of grey hair:

Genetics and white hair are closely linked. You may see silver strands sooner if your parents or grandparents grew white hair at a young age. This genetic predisposition is affected when the activity of melanocytes decreases, making premature greying a familial trait.

Adequate nutrition is crucial for maintaining natural hair colour. Deficiencies of vitamin B12, vitamin D3, copper, and iron directly impact hair health. Without these essential nutrients, your body struggles to produce enough melanin, which causes white hair at an early age.

High-stress levels cause a spike in hormones and inflammation that can damage melanocytes — the cells responsible for hair colour. Researchers discovered that stress triggers the sympathetic nervous system or our body’s ‘fight or flight’ response to release noradrenaline, activating melanocyte stem cells in hair follicles. These cells usually produce hair pigment, but stress causes them to deplete prematurely. Without these cells, new hair grows grey and eventually turns white.

Inhaling smoke exposes your body to damaging toxins, which increase oxidative stress and speed up the ageing process, leading to premature greying of hair. These toxins can harm melanocytes, reducing the amount of melanin they produce, which causes the early onset of grey hair.

Hormone imbalances can encourage early greying. Conditions like thyroid disorders may disrupt the normal production of melanin. Addressing these imbalances through medical treatment and lifestyle changes can help manage premature greying.

Eating foods that boost melanin production can help with premature greying. Berries, nuts, and green leafy vegetables help fight oxidative stress, a major contributor to early greying. Incorporating vitamins B12 and D3, as well as minerals like iron and copper, is also vital. Seafood and fortified cereals are great for B12, while shellfish and whole grains provide plenty of copper.

Effective stress management is crucial for preventing early greying, as stress can significantly deplete melanin in hair follicles. Engaging in regular physical activities and practising meditation or yoga can drastically reduce stress. Furthermore, ensuring sufficient rest and a well-balanced regimen are vital for stress management and promoting hair health.

“Maintaining healthy hair goes beyond regular washing — it means steering clear of harsh chemicals. Select hair care products that are mild and contain no harmful sulphates or alcohol. Regular conditioning and using nourishing oils like argan or coconut oil can help preserve natural oils and pigmentation, ensuring your hair stays vibrant for longer,” says Dr Ankita Sheth, a dermatologist in Mumbai.

Beauty standards are evolving. The pressure to meet traditional ideals is lessening, offering relief to many who prefer a more natural approach. You can either embrace your greys as they come or cover them with a fresh dye job — each option comes with its own care routine.

As you make these decisions, remember that consulting with professionals for significant hair concerns is always a good idea. They can offer personalised advice to keep your hair healthy and vibrant.

Ultimately, how you respond to greying hair is your call; either way, your choice reflects your unique beauty.

Early greying can be caused by genetics, nutritional deficiencies (like lack of vitamin B12, vitamin D3, copper, or iron), stress, and lifestyle factors such as smoking. Each of these can affect melanin production in hair follicles.

Sun exposure is a major contributor, as UV rays can weaken hair fibres and alter the pigment, making grey hair appear duller or even giving it a yellowish tinge. Pollution, including airborne particles and smoke, can also deposit on the hair, leading to discolouration and damage. To protect grey hair from these environmental stresses, it's advisable to cover it with hats or scarves if you are outdoors for prolonged periods.

While reversing white hair is often impossible, you can prevent further greying by addressing underlying causes, such as stress management, improving your diet, and avoiding harsh chemical hair products.

Stress impacts hormone levels and can lead to oxidative stress, which decreases melanin production in hair follicles and accelerates the greying process.

Applying onion juice, which reduces hydrogen peroxide buildup, and using amla or curry leaves, which are rich in vitamins and antioxidants, may help maintain natural hair pigment. Consulting a doctor before experimenting with home remedies is an important step to ensure you do not face any adverse reactions.

While genetics largely determine when and how much your hair greys, lifestyle factors and grey hair are also closely linked. Regular exercise helps improve overall circulation, including to the scalp, promoting healthier hair follicles and potentially delaying greying. Getting enough sleep is essential because it regulates stress hormones such as cortisol, which, when high, can cause early greying. Focus on consuming a diet that is abundant in antioxidants and vitamins.

Foods high in vitamins B12, D3, iron, and copper support melanin production and can help keep your hair’s natural colour longer.

If you experience premature greying, it's crucial to consult your dermatologist. A thorough investigation into any nutritional deficiencies can aid in preventing further greying of hair.