In a Toxic Chokehold: 6 Crucial Health Facts About Highway Air Pollution

With increasing awareness and a shift to more eco-friendly lifestyles, it's important that we learn more about the causes of highway air pollution and ways to safeguard ourselves from its harmful effects. Traffic accounts for the highest share (37%) of urban air pollution in India, exposing commuters to high levels of pollutants.

From the congested urban streets to the open highways, the air we breathe is laden with various pollutants. Hence, it’s crucial to understand the impact they have on our well-being. So, buckle up as we explore six key things you need to know about highway air pollution and how to protect yourself.

Most of us think about air pollution in terms of smog or a haze, but the real danger often comes from pollutants you can’t see. Vehicles emit a mix of harmful substances, including nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds. These pollutants can penetrate deep into your lungs, causing a range of health issues. Understanding what’s in the air helps you recognise the risks and empowers you to make healthier choices.

Ever felt a tickle in your throat while driving in heavy traffic? That’s your body’s way of signalling that the air quality around you is not great.

Prolonged exposure to air pollution from highways can cause chronic respiratory conditions like asthma, bronchitis, and possibly lung cancer. Research indicates that people residing close to major highways are at a higher risk of developing respiratory problems compared to those in less polluted areas. This is a reminder to stay aware of your environment and take measures to reduce your exposure.

Young children, seniors, and individuals with existing health issues are especially at risk from highway air pollution. Since children's lungs are still developing, they are more likely to be affected by harmful toxins. Studies indicate that children who reside near heavily trafficked roads face an increased risk of developmental problems and asthma.

It’s not just your lungs that highway air pollution threatens; your heart is at risk too. Many studies have established a connection between air pollution and cardiovascular diseases, for instance, heart attacks and strokes.

Fine particulate matter can enter your bloodstream, leading to swelling and other serious health issues. So the next time you’re stuck in traffic, remember that it’s not just your time being wasted; your heart might be feeling the strain as well.

While individual actions are important, addressing highway air pollution also requires systemic change. Urban planning and transportation policies play a significant role in air quality. Cities that invest in public transportation, cycling infrastructure, and green spaces can significantly reduce vehicle emissions and improve air quality. Advocating for better urban policies can lead to cleaner air for everyone.

Now that you’re aware of the risks, what can you do to protect yourself? Here are some practical tips to reduce your exposure to highway air pollution:

Whenever possible, opt for routes with less traffic or more greenery. Trees can act as natural air filters, improving the air quality around you.

When driving on busy highways, keep your windows closed to limit the intake of outside air filled with pollutants.

If you spend a lot of time in your car, consider investing in an air purifier designed for vehicles. These can help filter out harmful particles and improve the air quality inside your car.

Keep up to date with local air quality reports and aim to reduce outdoor activities when pollution levels are high.

Consider biking, walking, or using public transportation when you can. Fewer cars on the road mean cleaner air for everyone. Wear a mask while travelling.

Get involved in local initiatives to improve air quality. Whether it’s supporting cleaner transportation policies or community clean-up efforts, every action counts.

“Highway air pollution is a growing health hazard, impacting not just our lungs but our overall well-being. It is essential for us to promote cleaner air in order to safeguard the health of our patients and communities,” says Dr Neeraj Jain, MD, a pulmonologist based in Delhi.

Highway air pollution is a significant health concern that affects us all, but knowledge is power. By recognising the risks and taking preventive measures, you can keep yourself and your loved ones away from the detrimental effects of the air we inhale.

Remember, every small change can make a difference. So, let’s drive toward a healthier future, one mindful mile at a time. Stay informed, be proactive, and let’s work together for cleaner air and a healthier planet.

The most prevalent pollutants from highways consist of nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and carbon monoxide (CO). These emissions primarily originate from vehicle exhaust and contribute to air quality issues and various health problems.

To significantly reduce exposure to highway pollutants, it's generally recommended to live at least 500 to 1,000 feet away from major highways. However, factors like wind direction, topography, and local traffic conditions can also influence pollution levels, so greater distances may be beneficial in some areas.

Yes, air purifiers can help reduce indoor pollution from highways by filtering out particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, and other harmful pollutants that may enter your home. Choosing a purifier with a HEPA filter and activated carbon can enhance its effectiveness in improving indoor air quality.

Yes, electric vehicles (EVs) are significantly reducing highway pollution by producing zero tailpipe emissions, which helps decrease harmful pollutants like nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. As more people adopt EVs, the overall air quality around highways is likely to improve, contributing to better public health outcomes.

Indicators that highway pollution might be impacting your health include ongoing respiratory problems like coughing, wheezing, or difficulty breathing, along with a rise in asthma attacks or allergy symptoms. Additionally, symptoms like fatigue, headaches, and cardiovascular problems can also indicate exposure to poor air quality from nearby highways.