Ashwagandha for PCOS: A Herbal Ally

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has emerged as one of the most common chronic conditions to affect women in India, now seen in an estimated one in five women. Given the fact that it predominantly strikes during adolescence and early adulthood, affecting women in the reproductive-age group, PCOS can be particularly challenging to manage — both physically and psychologically. It requires significant lifestyle changes, with dietary and exercise interventions being central to PCOS management. It’s therefore no surprise that many women living with PCOS look for ways to improve outcomes and often turn to Ayurvedic herbs and remedies. The most notable of these herbs is Ashwagandha.

What is ashwagandha?

Ashwagandha is an evergreen herb that is native to the Indian subcontinent, where it remains popular to this day. Its long history of use in Ayurvedic medicine is now backed by some research, which shows that the herb has a variety of bioactive compounds, including withanolides. These compounds exhibit strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which are linked to a wide range of health benefits. The herb is usually recommended in Ayurveda for stress relief, insomnia, male infertility, and bodybuilding. Some clinical studies support these claims and even suggest wider benefits, but most of them have small sample sizes or mixed-formulations, and there is a need for higher-quality research.

How does ashwagandha help with PCOS?

From Tom Brady to Ranveer Singh, ashwagandha has been popularised as one of the most effective herbs to boost athletic performance, lower stress, and improve focus. However, the medicinal herb isn’t just meant for bodybuilders and men; it’s also said to be helpful for women as it may help to regulate hormone levels and promote overall health. This, of course, leads one to ask, “Is ashwagandha good for PCOS?”

Unfortunately, there is no clear answer because of inadequate high-quality research. However, some small studies demonstrate wide-ranging benefits that could aid PCOS management. These include:

• Balances hormones: Some evidence also suggests that the herb may enhance oestrogen levels, which explains how it relieves menopausal symptoms. These benefits could also apply to PCOS, but have not been clinically proven.  Research does show that the herb influences the functioning of the endocrine system, which may help address hormonal imbalances, a key feature of PCOS.

• Reduces inflammation: Ashwagandha’s bioactive compounds have demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory effects in animal studies, and there is also some evidence suggesting that it could provide similar benefits in humans. As systemic inflammation is known to exacerbate PCOS symptoms, this anti-inflammatory effect could be helpful. 

• Improves insulin sensitivity: Insulin resistance is one of the biggest concerns in PCOS, greatly increasing the risk of other symptoms and complications, including diabetes. Ashwagandha can be particularly helpful in mitigating these PCOS risks, as several studies have shown that it can effectively modulate glucose metabolism and enhance insulin sensitivity.

• Fights stress and anxiety: Ashwagandha is best known for its stress reduction effects, which can be helpful in managing PCOS because of the high risk of depression and mood disorders. Some controlled studies support these recommendations, showing that the herb lowers stress and anxiety, with measurable reductions in levels of cortisol.

Ashwagandha dosage for PCOS

Ashwagandha has gained popularity in recent years for its potential to help manage stress, regulate hormones, and support reproductive health, factors closely linked to PCOS. However, when it comes to its use specifically for PCOS, the science is still emerging.

At present, there is no officially recommended dosage of ashwagandha for women with PCOS, as well-conducted, large-scale clinical trials are lacking. Much of the existing information is based on small studies, general research on ashwagandha's stress-lowering properties, and anecdotal reports rather than evidence tailored to PCOS.

However, it's important to remember the following before considering ashwagandha:

• Individual response varies: Some people may be more sensitive to certain herbs, and effects may differ depending on body weight, hormonal status, and any existing conditions.

• Not suitable for everyone: Ashwagandha is not advised for those who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking medications for thyroid conditions or autoimmune diseases, due to possible interactions and lack of adequate studies in these populations.

If you're considering trying ashwagandha as part of your PCOS management plan, it is essential to consult with your endocrinologist, gynaecologist or a medical professional. They can advise on potential interactions, monitor for side effects, and help you determine whether it’s appropriate for your specific health needs. A clear conversation about the expected benefits and suitability for use is important.

Side effects & who should avoid it

Most studies indicate that ashwagandha is safe when used for a short duration, such as three months; however, long-term safety is unknown. In some cases, ashwagandha may cause gastritis, sleepiness, and nausea. Because of the lack of regulations regarding herbs for consumption, there have also been cases of contamination that result in serious liver injury. Even if you do obtain pure and high-quality ashwagandha from a trusted source, there are some circumstances in which it should be avoided:

• During pregnancy and breastfeeding

• If you have an autoimmune or thyroid disorder

• If you are about to undergo surgery

• If you are on medications used to treat conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and epilepsy, among others.

How to include ashwagandha in your PCOS routine

If you’ve decided to consume ashwagandha for PCOS management, make sure to only buy high-quality products that are third-party tested for safety. High-profile products may be more expensive, but they are less likely to be contaminated with other herbs or heavy metals. Some women choose to include ashwagandha as part of their morning routine in the form of tea, but it's also available as a powder, in capsules, and as tinctures. How you include it depends on your personal preferences, but it should only be used as advised on the product packaging and by your doctor. 

Most importantly, ashwagandha is not a substitute for other PCOS management techniques, including diet and exercise. However, when used in combination with conventional therapy, it may help to improve outcomes. 

Before you go

Whether it’s ashwagandha or any other herb that you wish to use, it’s important to first discuss it with your doctor. Aside from the risk of interacting with other medications, consuming such herbs can change levels of hormones or other metrics that your doctors use to monitor disease progression and responsiveness to therapy. This leads to inaccurate tracking of your progress and can result in misguided treatment decisions. Personalisation of the treatment is paramount. Also, one should discuss with their endocrinologist so as to avail a long-term term clear treatment plan and outcome.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Does ashwagandha help regulate hormonal imbalances?

Yes, ashwagandha does support endocrine function, but it is not clear to what extent this addresses hormonal imbalances seen in women with PCOS.

2. Does ashwagandha help protect against PCOS complications?

Ashwagandha may offer some protective effects as evidence suggests that it can help reduce insulin resistance and improve your stress response, but more research is needed.

3. Which form of ashwagandha is most suitable for PCOS?

Ashwagandha is available in a variety of forms and how you take it depends on your personal preferences. What’s important is that you discuss the dosage and frequency with your endocrinologist.