Runny Nose? Here’s All About Seasonal Allergies

Seasonal allergies are a common health concern in India, affecting millions of people each year. With a diverse climate and varied vegetation, different regions experience unique allergy triggers such as pollen, dust, and mould spores. From spring blooms to post-monsoon fungal growth, allergies can make life uncomfortable for those affected. In this blog, we explore the symptoms, causes, and prevention strategies to help you manage seasonal allergies effectively.

What are seasonal allergies?

Seasonal allergies, also called hay fever or allergic rhinitis, occur when your immune system reacts to allergens present in specific seasons. These allergens include pollen, dust, mould spores, and pet dander, which can irritate the immune system and trigger allergic responses.

While allergies are often associated with spring, in India, seasonal triggers vary due to regional differences in vegetation, weather patterns, and air pollution levels.

Home to roughly 1.35 billion people — nearly 20% of the world's population — India has seen a significant rise in allergic conditions over recent decades. Among these non-communicable diseases, allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma have become increasingly prevalent, with current data showing about 22% of Indian adolescents now suffer from AR.

What are the signs of seasonal allergies?  

Seasonal allergies can present a variety of signs, including:

• Persistent sneezing and nasal congestion

• Watery or itchy eyes

• Scratchy throat or coughing

• Skin irritation, such as hives or rashes

• Fatigue and difficulty concentrating

These signs often worsen outdoors or in environments with high allergen levels.

How do you know if you have seasonal allergies? 

If your symptoms follow a pattern and worsen during specific times of the year, it’s a strong indicator of seasonal allergies. Keeping a symptom diary can help identify triggers. Consulting an allergist for tests can confirm specific allergens. Your doctor may also check your ears, nose, and throat to make a diagnosis.

Causes of seasonal allergies 

In India, seasonal allergies can arise from a variety of sources, such as:

1. Pollen: Spring brings flowering trees, grass, and weeds, releasing fine pollen particles into the air. Common culprits include neem, Parthenium, and mustard plants.

2. Dust and dust mites: During dry seasons, dust in the air becomes a major irritant, especially in urban areas.

3. Mould spores: Monsoons create humid conditions perfect for mould growth in homes and outdoors.

4. Air pollution: High levels of pollutants like PM2.5 and PM10 in cities worsen allergic reactions.

5. Pet dander and insects: Hair and skin flakes from pets, as well as allergens from cockroaches, can trigger symptoms.

When is allergy season and how long do seasonal allergies last?

Allergy seasons in India vary by region:

• Spring (February-April): Pollen from trees and flowers is a major trigger.

• Monsoon (June-September): Mould spores thrive due to increased humidity.

• Autumn (October-November): Dust from crop harvesting and dry air can aggravate allergies.

• Winter (December-January): Indoor allergens like pet dander and dust mites are common.

The duration of symptoms depends on exposure to allergens, typically lasting weeks or months.

Are there any precautions I can take to reduce allergies?

Here are some simple yet effective preventive measures to help reduce allergy symptoms during seasonal changes:

• Shower and change clothes after spending time outdoors to remove allergens.

• Use air purifiers to maintain clean indoor air.

• Regularly clean bedding, curtains, and soft furnishings to reduce dust and allergens.

• Wear sunglasses and a mask when outside to protect your eyes and reduce inhalation of allergens.

• Stay hydrated and maintain a healthy diet to support the immune system.

• Drink warm herbal teas such as ginger, chamomile, or turmeric to soothe inflammation.

Be in sync with every season

Seasonal allergies may be a recurring challenge, but with awareness and proper management, you can reduce their impact. By identifying your triggers and following preventive measures, you can enjoy India’s seasons with fewer disruptions. If symptoms persist or worsen, consult a healthcare professional for appropriate treatment options.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How long do seasonal allergy symptoms last?

Seasonal allergy symptoms can last several weeks to months, depending on the allergen, individual allergic reaction, and exposure level.

2. Can seasonal allergies make you feel sick?

Yes, severe allergies can cause fatigue and headache and mimic cold-like symptoms, making you feel unwell.

3. Can seasonal allergies be cured?

There is no cure, but symptoms can be controlled and managed with various doctor-approved medications.

4. At what age do seasonal allergies start?

Seasonal allergies can develop at any age but are most common in children and young adults.

5. Do allergies weaken your immune system?

No, allergies indicate an overactive immune system rather than a weakened one. By understanding the nuances of seasonal allergies in India, you can take control and make each season more enjoyable.